Evaluation of IoT-Based Smart Power Grid Monitoring Systems in Sokoto North LGA, Sokoto State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
The reliability and efficiency of power distribution networks are essential for economic development and quality of life. In Sokoto North LGA, Sokoto State, the power grid faces challenges such as outages, load imbalances, and inefficient resource management, largely due to outdated monitoring practices. IoT-based smart power grid monitoring systems have emerged as innovative solutions to address these issues by providing real-time insights into grid performance. These systems utilize a network of sensors and smart meters that continuously collect data on voltage, current, frequency, and other critical parameters, which are then transmitted to centralized control centers for analysis (Usman, 2023). The continuous monitoring of grid conditions enables operators to detect faults, optimize load distribution, and perform predictive maintenance, thereby reducing downtime and enhancing energy efficiency (Chinwe, 2024). Additionally, real-time data can facilitate rapid response to disturbances and support more effective energy management strategies, which are crucial for integrating renewable energy sources and ensuring grid stability (Adebayo, 2025). Despite the potential benefits, the implementation of IoT-based smart grid monitoring systems faces significant challenges. High installation costs, cybersecurity risks, and the need for robust communication infrastructure are among the primary obstacles. Moreover, there is a scarcity of localized research evaluating the performance of these systems in the specific context of Sokoto North LGA, which makes it difficult for policymakers to assess their viability. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of IoT-based smart power grid monitoring systems in improving grid performance and reliability in Sokoto North LGA. By analyzing system data, operator feedback, and incident response times, the research will provide a comprehensive assessment of the technology’s impact on grid management and offer recommendations to address existing barriers.
Statement of the Problem
The power grid in Sokoto North LGA is plagued by recurring issues such as load imbalances, frequent outages, and inefficiencies that lead to economic losses and reduced service quality. Traditional monitoring techniques, which rely on periodic manual inspections, are insufficient for capturing real-time grid anomalies, thereby delaying corrective actions (Bello, 2023). Although IoT-based smart grid monitoring systems offer a solution through continuous, real-time data collection and analysis, their implementation in Sokoto North LGA remains limited. High capital investment, integration complexities with existing grid infrastructure, and significant cybersecurity concerns have impeded widespread adoption (Olawale, 2024). Additionally, the lack of local expertise in managing advanced IoT systems further hinders effective utilization, while intermittent communication networks in the region compromise data reliability. These challenges prevent power grid operators from achieving optimal performance and timely fault detection, which are critical for maintaining a stable power supply. This study seeks to address these gaps by evaluating the operational effectiveness of IoT-based monitoring systems in the local context, identifying key technical and socio-economic barriers, and proposing solutions to enhance grid reliability. Without addressing these issues, the benefits of improved load management, reduced outage durations, and enhanced energy efficiency will remain largely unexploited, ultimately affecting the quality of life and economic activities in the region (Ibrahim, 2025).
Objectives of the Study
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To assess the performance of IoT-based smart power grid monitoring systems in enhancing grid reliability.
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To identify the key technical and infrastructural challenges in implementing these systems in Sokoto North LGA.
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To propose strategies for mitigating cybersecurity risks and improving system integration.
Research Questions
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How do IoT-based monitoring systems improve the performance and reliability of power grids?
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What are the main challenges in implementing smart grid monitoring in Sokoto North LGA?
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What measures can be adopted to enhance system security and operational efficiency?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it examines the application of IoT-based smart power grid monitoring systems to improve energy distribution in Sokoto North LGA. The findings will provide essential insights for power utilities, policymakers, and technology developers, enabling more effective grid management and reducing outage-related losses. Enhanced monitoring can lead to better load balancing, prompt fault detection, and overall increased reliability, contributing to a more stable power supply and economic growth in the region (Abdullahi, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is limited to the evaluation of IoT-based smart power grid monitoring systems in Sokoto North LGA, Sokoto State. It focuses on system performance, technical challenges, and cybersecurity concerns. The findings may not be applicable to other regions or different power grid infrastructures.
Definitions of Terms
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of connected devices that collect and exchange real-time data.
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Smart Power Grid Monitoring: The use of advanced sensor technologies and data analytics to continuously oversee power grid performance.
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Load Balancing: The process of distributing electrical power evenly across a power grid to ensure optimal performance.
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